ethnic tensions

• Потенциал конфликтности в зоне российско-монгольской границы в Туве (это ответ на след линьку)
• Фиксируем тенденцию

Counting migrants

Учет миграции является одним из наиболее трудных видов сбора данных о населении и вызывает у специалистов наибольшее число замечаний. Основная проблема состоит в процедуре «идентификации мигранта». Для этого применяется ряд критериев, относящихся к длительности предполагаемого или фактического проживания на новом месте (и вытекающего из этого определения постоянного места жительства), гражданству, месту рождения, географии переезда и его цели (2). Системы сбора данных о миграции, применяющиеся в разных странах, в том числе и в России, предполагают использование одного или нескольких из названных критериев. Чаще всего основным критерием выступает место постоянного проживания.

см далее статью Орловой-Николаевой

DALY

Raphael 1483–1520, The Death of Ananias

linx from Research Gate Epidemiology and Public Health group answering a question:
I would like to ask how to calculate disability adjusted life years due to a disorder. Can any one suggest good articles on the methodology?

• National Burden of Disease manual of WHO 
• National Medical Journal of India in 2002
• the description of GBD methods that can be applied on a national or sub-national level and tailored to health values of a country, WHO
• Network on Health Expectancy
• psycowiki

And to end the topic:
I am trying to understand how the disability weights are calculated for each particular disease. Please let me know if anybody have resources or information available.

Nice Source

Encyclopedia of women social reformers. 1. [A - L]
Авторы: Helen Rappapor
I need it

wish list

Current legislation and trends relating to termination of pregnancy across the EU explored in new study 

07-12-2011 
The scientific paper “Terminations of pregnancy in the European Union” looks at the current legislation and trends across the EU. It was prepared by the THL National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland and by BJOG (An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology).

The total number of terminations of pregnancy was calculated per 1000 women aged 15-49 years. In general, termination of pregnancy rates have declined in recent years, the study found. In total 10.3 terminations were reported per 1000 women aged 15-49 years across the EU in 2008. Looking at termination of pregnancy rates, Southern Europe had the lowest rates (8.9/1000) compared to Central and Eastern Europe (10.8/1000) and Northern Europe (10.9/1000). However, countries with unrestricted access to early termination of pregnancy (11/1000 women with a country variation from 6 to 25 per 1000 women) did not report higher rates than countries that required an indication for termination (12.3/1000 women with a country variation from 9 to 14 per 1000 women).
The study also looked separately at women aged less than 20 and over 35 years. Every ninth termination of pregnancy (14.1%) in the EU was performed among women who are aged less than 20 years. This proportion for terminations in teenagers was higher in Northern Europe (17%) than in the Central and Eastern Europe (11%) and in Southern Europe (10%).
The authors conclude that this may reflect the differences in childbearing patterns. In Northern European countries, many terminations of pregnancy represent unwanted or mistimed pregnancies among young women who wish to postpone childbearing.

The full Study is available here.(not4free)

Global Campaign for the Decriminalisation of Abortion

September 28, marks the launch of the International Day of Action for September 28: Global Campaign for the Decriminalisation of Abortion.  September 28th, known as the Latin American and Caribbean Day of Action for the Decriminalisation Abortion, continues to be a day of vibrant activism in the region with women's organisations and their allies coming together to demand access to safe, legal, and affordable abortion free of stigmatisation and criminalisation.  The campaign was formed at the Fifth Latin American and Caribbean Feminist Meeting held in Argentina in 1990.  September 28th was chosen for the campaign as it was the day that slavery became illegal in Brazil, with many refering to it as the day of the "free womb."  Although abortion is permitted under a limited set of restrictions by most countries in the region, such as in cases of rape and incest, millions of women continue to undergo unsafe, illegal abortions with great risk to their lives. 

This year the September 28th Latin American and Caribbean Campaign is being joined by WGNRR members, partners, and networks in several countries across the world as part of the September 28: Global Campaign for the Decriminalisation of Abortion. Today, SRHR networks and organisations in Poland, Tanzania, Nigeria, Malaysia, Pakistan, Nepal, and Japan are mobilising in their communities and building awareness about the impact of restrictive abortion laws, lack of adequate abortion services, and barriers to accessing those services- all of which are violations of their human rights.

We invite the international community of SRHR activists to join the September 28: Global Campaign for the Decriminalisation of Abortion by sending solidarity letters to six countries that are in need of international support.  Chile, Nicaragua, El Salvador and the Dominican Republic continue to uphold the complete ban on abortion in any circumstances, even if it is necessary to save the life of the woman. Currently in Colombia 99% of abortions performed in the country remain illegal and occur in unsafe conditions despite Colombia's 2006 Constitutional Court ruling that legalised abortion in certain circumstances. Poland already has some of the strictest abortion restrictions in Europe and continues to run the risk of instigating a complete ban on abortion in all circumstances due to increasing conservative pressure. 

Show your solidarity and support with local, national, regional, and international struggles for reproductive justice:

1) Sign the solidarity letters for Poland and Latin America and the Carribean –  the letters are intended to the heads of states and the affiliated embassies/consulates of Chile, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Dominican Republic and Colombia; the other is for the head of state and affiliated embassies/consulates of Poland.

2) Send the letters to the representatives of the six countries in separate emails. Dowload  the list of embassies and governments’ contact details. If the countries does not have diplomatic representation in your county, please use the general government/head of state email address mentioned at the top of each list for each country.

3) Please send a copy (cc) of your support signature to sept28global@wgnrr.org

Let us continue sending letters to governments whose countries have the most restrictive abortion laws for the NEXT WEEK to show our support for sexual and reproductive rights to be recognised and upheld as universal, indivisible human rights!

Recognise Reproductive Rights, Mobilise for Reproductive Justice!

Please circulate this call widely amounst your networks, allies, and communities.  We greatly appreciate your support!

In Solidarity, 

The WGNRR Team

Download the documents here:

Call for Action - September 28: Global Campaign for the Decriminalization of Abortion

28 de Septiembre: Campaña Mundial por la Despenalización del Aborto

28 Septembre: Campagne Mondiale pour la dépénalisalisation de l'avortement

Solidarity Letter for Latin America and the Caribbean

Solidarity Letter for Poland

Excel file with the list of emails addresses for six countries 

State of World Population report

Seven billion people will inhabit the earth on 31 October.

This year's State of World Population report, People and Possibilities in a World of 7 Billion, looks at the the dynamics behind the numbers. It explains the trends that are defining our world of 7 billion and documents actions that people in vastly different countries and circumstances are taking in their own communities to make the most of their--and our--world.

The report makes the case for sound planning and investing in people.

Report

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• Russian
• Arabic
  
  

Related Content

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• Media Advisories and Press Releases
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HIV and RSHR

New Study Highlights Successful Health Interventions for Women Living with HIV
Existing Interventions Meet Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs
Washington, D.C. – What Works to Meet the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Women Living with HIV, published in the latest issue of the Journal of the International AIDS Society,shows that much can be done now to operationalize evidence-based effective interventions to meet the sexual and reproductive health needs of women living with HIV.

The study draws on 35 evaluations of eight general interventions from 15 countries and multi-country reviews. While gaps in programming and research remain, the article shows that successful and promising interventions include:

• Providing contraceptives and family planning counseling as part of HIV services;
• Ensuring early postpartum visits providing family planning and HIV information and services;
• Providing youth-friendly services;
• Supporting information and skills building;
• Supporting disclosure;
• Providing cervical cancer screening;
• Promoting condom use for dual protection against pregnancy and HIV; and
• Providing anti-retrovirals, which can increase protective behaviors including condom use. 

It is also critical that both health providers and women receive the most up-to-date clinical information on the safety of family planning methods for HIV-positive women.  In January 2012, the World Health Organization will review the evidence to address the questions that have arisen over the years about the safety of hormonal contraceptives for women living with HIV.

As a sexually transmitted infection, HIV is inextricably linked with sexual and reproductive health. Women living with HIV, as well as HIV-negative women, benefit from interventions that give them control over their reproductive lives and reduce unintended pregnancy, HIV transmission and mortality and morbidity. Too often, discussions of sexual and reproductive health services for women living with HIV revolve around controlling fertility and ignore HIV-positive women’s needs for services that include attention to safe and healthy sexuality and a desire for children.

This article is drawn from What Works for Women & Girls: Evidence for HIV/AIDS Interventions (www.whatworksforwomen.org), a ground-breaking, comprehensive website documenting the evidence for effective HIV interventions for women and girls. 

Girls Decide

On 21 September 2011, the Girls Decide films produced for the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) won the prestigious International Video and Communications Award.  

There to accept the award was Eliot Carroll, the director of the films from production company Tinderflint, who said he was ‘over the moon’ about winning the award. In an interview with the IVCA sponsors, Eliot gave all due credit to the young people and staff of IPPF who contributed their time, skills and passion during the films’ production in Syria, Albania, Argentina, Swaziland, Bangladesh and Indonesia.

The Girls Decide films were highly commended in the public sector video category, and won the charity sector video category at the IVCA awards. The winners’ photos, alongside links to the winning videos, will be posted on the IVCA Clarion Awards website early next week.

The Girls Decide initiative, started by IPPF in 2010, embodies a positive approach to the sexual and reproductive health of young women and girls across the world and emphasizes the importance of access to services in improving their health, well-being and development.

One out of every three clients who visits IPPF clinics across the world is a young person. IPPF’s focus is on providing sexual and reproductive health services that are youth-friendly; empowering young women, particularly through the provision of comprehensive sexuality education; and affecting political and social change to ensure that we live in a world where girls decide.

View the films >here>

THE FACTS

·         About 16 million girls aged 15 – 19 give birth each year, accounting for about 11% of births worldwide;

·         Adolescents girls aged 10 – 19 account for 23% of the overall burden of disease due to pregnancy and childbirth worldwide;

·         About 2.5 million adolescents have unsafe abortions every year and account for 46% of deaths related to unsafe abortion worldwide;

·         In developing countries, more than 60 million women aged 20-24 were married or in a union before the age of 18.

For more information, please, contact Paul Bell.

Unwanted children

Collection of links on this topic from Pubmed. (N=322)
thank you  zukermano for this
S/he wrote a comment into Russian blog

the Neolithic Demographic Transition

During the economic transition from foraging to farming, the signal of a major demographic shift can be observed in cemetery data of world archaeological sequences. This signal is characterized by an abrupt increase in the proportion of juvenile skeletons and is interpreted as the signature of a major demographic shift in human history, known as the Neolithic Demographic Transition (NDT). This expresses an increase in the input into the age pyramids of the corresponding living populations with an estimated increase in the total fertility rate of two births per woman. The unprecedented demographic masses that the NDT rapidly brought into play make this one of the fundamental structural processes of human history.

will try to load it from the office
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/333/6042/560.abstract

[link] ЕМА

страничка ЕМА на Макспланковом ин-те, полезна по части публикаций, то-есть, на досуг е-почитать